51社区黑料

Introduction to evolution and ecology, focusing on the processes that shape the diversity of life on earth. Lecture and lab topics include: natural selection and other mechanisms of evolutionary change, phylogeny, genetics, speciation, behaviour, species interactions, population ecology, and ecosystems. BISC 101 and 102 may be taken in either order. Prerequisite: Biology 12 (or equivalent) with a minimum grade of C (or BISC 100 with a minimum grade of C-, or BISC 113 with a minimum grade of C+, or BPK 105 with a minimum grade of C+, or HSCI 100 with a minimum grade of C+). Breadth-Science.

Builds upon the principles of chemistry through a lecture and laboratory experience to develop problem-solving skills with a focus on learning trends in the periodic table, electronic structure of atoms and molecules, chemical bonding, chemical stoichiometry, the energetics of chemical reactions, and properties of gases, liquids, and solids. This course includes a laboratory component. Prerequisite: Chemistry 12 with a minimum grade of B, or CHEM 109 or 111 with a minimum grade of C- or CHEM 110 and 115, both with a minimum grade of C-. Students with credit for CHEM 120 or 125 may not take this course for further credit. Quantitative/Breadth-Science.

Builds on CHEM 121, emphasizing essential concepts including chemical reactions and equilibria, acid-base principles, reaction rates, solubility, thermodynamics, and chemical kinetics. Students also quantify reaction energetics and explore electrochemical processes, with a focus on oxidation-reduction reactions, thereby deepening their understanding of both theoretical and practical applications of chemistry. Students who intend to take further laboratory courses in chemistry should take CHEM 122 concurrently with CHEM 126. Prerequisite: CHEM 120 or 121 with a minimum grade of C-. Students with credit for CHEM 124 or CHEM 180 may not take this course for further credit. Quantitative.

As the laboratory component of CHEM 122, this course builds experimentalists skills by creating hypotheses, establishing technical skills, analyzing data, and formulating conclusions. Students perform experiments to measure chemical reaction rates, observe chemical equilibria, study the effects of acids and bases, and analyze energy evolved from chemical reactions. Prerequisite: CHEM 121 with a minimum grade of C-. Corequisite: CHEM 122 or CHEM 180. Quantitative.

Introduces students to the study of environmental science. Lecture material spans contributing disciplines, emphasizing integration of diverse concepts to understand environmental problems. Tutorials develop core academic skills in environmental science context. Students who have completed EVSC 200 may not complete this course for further credit. Breadth-Science.

A survey of environmental science practice that exposes students to what environmental scientists do, with guest lectures from environmental scientists and practitioners across contributing disciplines and workplaces. Coursework emphasizes literature research, analysis and synthesis along with scientific writing and communication skills. Prerequisite: EVSC 100. Writing.

Examines cultural heritage management as the universal process by which people use places, objects and traditions from the past to educate, entertain, profit, promote change, maintain status quo, create identities, and build communities and nations. The course presents archaeology as one aspect of cultural heritage management and as an activity governed by national laws and international conventions for protecting and making appropriate use of heritage. Using case studies from Canada and abroad, the course explores stewardship as a fundamental professional ethic in archaeology and other fields engaged in studying, applying, and safeguarding personal, familial, communal, national, and transnational heritage. Prerequisite: 30 units including one of ARCH 100, ARCH 101, ARCH 201, EVSC 100, GEOG 100, or REM 100. Breadth-Humanities.

An introduction to Indigenous land-based knowledge, this course will explore interrelationships between people to their local environments, with a focus on the Skwxw煤7mesh (Squamish) Nation and other Indigenous peoples and environments in and around coastal British Columbia. The course will integrate knowledge of culturally important plants and animals, their habitats and ecological interrelationships.

Explores a variety of Indigenous perspectives on resource, land and water management in British Columbia. Students are encouraged to critically analyze contemporary resource management/relationship issues (ie. energy, fisheries, forestry) from reconciliation-informed perspectives. Breadth-Social Sciences.

Designed for students specializing in mathematics, physics, chemistry, computing science and engineering. Topics as for Math 151 with a more extensive review of functions, their properties and their graphs. Recommended for students with no previous knowledge of Calculus. In addition to regularly scheduled lectures, students enrolled in this course are encouraged to come for assistance to the Calculus Workshop (Burnaby), or Math Open Lab (Surrey). Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus 12 (or equivalent) with a grade of at least B+, or MATH 100 with a grade of at least B-, or MATH 110 with a grade of at least A-. Students with credit for either MATH 151, 154 or 157 may not take MATH 150 for further credit. Quantitative.

Designed for students specializing in mathematics, physics, chemistry, computing science and engineering. Logarithmic and exponential functions, trigonometric functions, inverse functions. Limits, continuity, and derivatives. Techniques of differentiation, including logarithmic and implicit differentiation. The Mean Value Theorem. Applications of differentiation including extrema, curve sketching, Newton's method. Introduction to modeling with differential equations. Polar coordinates, parametric curves. Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus 12 (or equivalent) with a grade of at least A, or MATH 100 with a grade of at least B, or MATH 110 with a grade of at least A. Students with credit for either MATH 150, 154 or 157 may not take MATH 151 for further credit. Quantitative.

Designed for students specializing in the life sciences. Topics include: limits, growth rate and the derivative; elementary functions, optimization and approximation methods, and their applications, integration, and differential equations; mathematical models of biological processes and their implementation and analysis using software. Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus 12 (or equivalent) with a grade of at least B, or MATH 100 with a grade of at least C-, or MATH 110 with a grade of at least C-. Students with credit for either MATH 150, 151 or 157 may not take MATH 154 for further credit. Quantitative.

Riemann sum, Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, definite, indefinite and improper integrals, approximate integration, integration techniques, applications of integration. First-order separable differential equations and growth models. Sequences and series, series tests, power series, convergence and applications of power series. Prerequisite: MATH 150 or MATH 151, with a minimum grade of C-; or MATH 154 or MATH 157, with a minimum grade of B. Students with credit for MATH 155 or MATH 158 may not take this course for further credit. Quantitative.

Designed for students specializing in the life sciences. Topics include: vectors and matrices, partial derivatives, multi-dimensional integrals, systems of differential equations, compartment models, graphs and networks, and their applications to the life sciences; mathematical models of multi-component biological processes and their implementation and analysis using software. Students planning to take MATH 251 are recommended to consider MATH 152 as the prerequisite pathway. See an advisor to determine what may be best for you. Prerequisite: MATH 150, 151 or 154, with a minimum grade of C-; or MATH 157 with a grade of at least B. Students with credit for MATH 152 or 158 may not take this course for further credit. Quantitative.

Force and motion, conservation of energy and momentum, fluids, properties of soft matter and thermal physics with applications taken from the life sciences. Prerequisite: BC Principles of Physics 12 or PHYS 100 or equivalent, with a minimum grade of C-. This prerequisite may be waived, at the discretion of the department, as determined by the student's performance on a regularly scheduled PHYS 100 final exam. Please consult the physics advisor for further details. Corequisite: MATH 150 or 151 or 154 or 157; BISC 100 or 101 or 102 or 113. Recommended Corequisite: PHYS 132. Students with credit for PHYS 120, 125 or 140 may not take this course for further credit. Quantitative/Breadth-Science.

A general calculus-based introduction to mechanics. Topics include translational and rotational motion, momentum, energy, gravitation, and selected topics in modern physics. Prerequisite: BC Principles of Physics 12 or PHYS 100 or equivalent, with a minimum grade of C-. This prerequisite may be waived, at the discretion of the department, as determined by the student's performance on a regularly scheduled PHYS 100 final exam. Please consult the physics advisor for further details. Corequisite: MATH 150 or 151 or 154. Recommended Corequisite: PHYS 132. Students with credit for PHYS 101, 125 or 140 may not take this course for further credit. Quantitative/Breadth-Science.

Research methodology and associated statistical analysis techniques for students with training in the life sciences. Intended to be particularly accessible to students who are not specializing in Statistics. Prerequisite: Recommended: 30 units. Students cannot obtain credit for STAT 201 if they already have credit for - or are taking concurrently - STAT 101, 203, 205, 285, or any upper division STAT course. Quantitative.

Basic laws of probability, sample distributions. Introduction to statistical inference and applications. Prerequisite: or Corequisite: MATH 152 or 155 or 158, with a minimum grade of C-. Students wishing an intuitive appreciation of a broad range of statistical strategies may wish to take STAT 100 first. Quantitative.

Provides students the opportunity to investigate environmental science topics in depth, through hands-on projects, learning to formulate research questions that are testable with data. Students will learn to evaluate competing hypotheses, integrate multiple evidence sources, explore data, and apply modern methods to environmental challenges. Prerequisite: A minimum of 45 units of courses or permission of the instructor.

Introduces EVSC students to lab and field methods used in the study of environmental science. Prerequisite: EVSC 100 and 50 units. Students with credit for EVSC 205 or EVSC 491W may not take this course for further credit.

In the final year of undergraduate study, students from all Environmental Science concentrations will integrate their disciplinary, science backgrounds to solve environmental problems. Project-based coursework will promote collaborative group work, emphasizing research skills, data analysis, scientific writing and communication, preparing students for employment as Environmental Scientists. Prerequisite: EVSC 300 and EVSC 305.

Independent research on an environmental science topic, undertaken under the supervision of 51社区黑料faculty with the permission of the EVSC Director. Prerequisite: EVSC 305, 90 units and consent of EVSC Director.

Independent research on an environmental science topic, undertaken under the supervision of 51社区黑料faculty with the permission of the EVSC Director. Prerequisite: EVSC 305, EVSC 489, 90 units and consent of EVSC Director. Students with credit for EVSC 490 may not take this course for further credit. Writing.

Introduction to the molecular, cellular and physiological mechanisms of living organisms (microorganisms, plants, animals). Lecture and lab topics include cell structure and function, flow of genetic information, enzyme function, metabolism, whole organism form and function (circulation, gas exchange, nutrition, osmoregulation). BISC 101 and 102 can be taken in either order. Prerequisite: Biology 12 (or equivalent) with a minimum grade of C (or BISC 100 with a minimum grade of C-, or BISC 113 with a minimum grade of C+, or BPK 105 with a minimum grade of C+, or HSCI 100 with a minimum grade of C+); and Chemistry 12 (or equivalent) with a minimum grade of C (or CHEM 111 with a minimum grade of C-; or CHEM 110 and 115, both with a minimum grade of C-). Breadth-Science.

Introduction to fundamental concepts about the functioning of the coastal ocean. An interdisciplinary approach to understanding coastal marine science including an introduction to the geology, physics, and chemistry of BC's coastal marine waters. Fosters an appreciation for the diversity and importance of life along the coastal margins of British Columbia. Prerequisite: 15 units or permission of the instructor. Students who have taken EVSC 395 under the title "Coastal Marine Science" in Spring 2024, Fall 2024, or Fall 2025 may not take this course for further credit.

Dynamic Earth offers an introduction to minerals, rocks, geologic resources and processes. Plate tectonics is the unifying theory of geology and is the focus as we learn how the Earth changes over geologic time and results in the formation of volcanoes and mountain belts, faults, folds and earthquakes. Breadth-Science.

An introduction to landforms, climates, soils and vegetation; their origins, distributions, interrelationships and roles in the ecosystem. Laboratory work and field trips are included. Breadth-Science.

The Earth is experiencing the most dramatic environmental changes it has for thousands of years. How did we end up here? Provides an interdisciplinary perspective on the forces behind our ever-increasing environmental footprint. Highlights how ideologies and societal structures have shaped how we interact with the environment and explores the necessary changes for a more sustainable future. Breadth-Social Sciences.

Introduces the different approaches used to study the natural world and explores ecological concepts and theory relating to animal behaviour, population dynamics, the distribution of species, structure of communities and the function of ecosystems. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-.

An introduction to the planetary biosphere, its living organisms, and their interactions with each other and the Earth system. Prerequisite: GEOG 111.

Balancing the needs of people and other components of nature is among the foremost challenges of our time. Understanding key processes that structure nature across space and through time can help inform this challenge. Introduces students to the foundational concepts of applied ecology motivated by real-world management and conservation problems. Breadth-Science.

Provides a practical introduction to the legal system governing the use and protection of the environment and planning and land use law in Canada. A central theme is the difference between the law on paper and the law in practice. Prerequisite: 45 units. Students who have taken ENV 399-3 "Special Topics in Environmental Law" in 2012 may not take this course for further credit. Students with credit for ENV 319 or PLAN 319 may not take this course for further credit.

An introduction to the field of environmental ethics. Addresses questions such as what obligations we have to future generations and the natural world, as well as the extent of these obligations. Prerequisite: 45 units. Philosophy Majors and Minors may not take this course for credit towards their major or minor degree. Students who have taken PHIL 333-3 or ENV 399-3 "Special Topics in Environmental Ethics" prior to or in 2011 and students with credit in ENV 320W or PHIL 328-3 may not enroll in this course for further credit. Writing.

Introduces students to the concepts and methods of ecological economics. Provides students with grounding in the core principles of conventional economics applied to the environment but then extends this to the integration of economics and ecology to create a new ecological-economic understanding of environmental change and sustainability. Prerequisite: 45 units. Students with credit for ENV 321 cannot take REM 321 for further credit. Breadth-Social Sciences.

Provides an overview of policy and governance approaches used to manage the natural environment from international to local levels. The history, basic concepts, and key strategies of modern environmental policy are presented and discussed. Students then analyze and critique environmental policy across scales regarding climate, forests, oceans, and urban landscapes focusing on determining the effectiveness and efficiency of different approaches to regulate and manage the environment. Prerequisite: One of REM 100, GEOG 100, GEOG 111, or EVSC 100; and 45 units. Students with credit for REM 356 may not take this course for further credit. Writing.

Explores diverse Indigenous perspectives on governance, resource, land and water management, intergovernmental relations and economic development in the context of contemporary settler colonialism in Canada. Skills include critical thinking, anti-colonial, economic, political and policy analyses. Prerequisite: One of REM 207, ARCH 286, or any INDG course; and 75 units. Students with credit for PLAN 407 may not take this course for further credit.

An introduction to invertebrate phyla, with a focus on marine taxa. Labs include examination of live animals, dissections, and preserved specimens. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

Students are introduced to the major environmental toxicants, their sources, and interactions with terrestrial and aquatic environments. Through historical and current case studies of environmental toxicants, this course will provide an understanding of the basic principles of environmental toxicology particularly as they apply to populations, communities and ecosystems. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

An examination of the primary threats to biodiversity, how biological processes contribute to the persistence of populations and structure of communities, and species and landscape approaches to conservation in the real world. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

An introduction to the environmental and biological fate of chemicals, their mechanisms of action, testing, evaluation, and risk assessment. Students are introduced to different classes of environmental contaminants, and examine how they affect various organisms (including humans) at the molecular, biochemical, organ system, and behavioural levels of biological organization. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and (BISC 204 or BISC 205 or GEOG 215 or MBB 231 or REM 211), both with a minimum grade of C-.

An overview of the evolution and diversity of vertebrates, with an emphasis on the evolutionary innovations and characteristics that led to this diversity. Labs explore comparative anatomy through dissections, bones, and other specimens. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-.

An introduction to insect classification, body plan, post-embryonic development, and systems: circulatory, ventilatory, digestive, and sensory. Labs focus on comparative morphology, collection, identification, and preservation of specimens. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-.

Lectures and labs provide a survey of the major groups of algae, including cyanobacteria and other microscopic algae, seaweeds and freshwater algae. Addresses aspects of evolution, taxonomy, ecology, anatomy, life history, and the importance of algae in our lives. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-. Students who have taken BISC 326 first may not then take this course for further credit.

Lectures and labs provide an overview of the fungi including their identification and ecological roles, with emphasis on molds and mushrooms. Topics include: identification using morphological and molecular techniques, roles in natural and agricultural ecosystems, and the uses and detrimental effects of fungi in food production and medicine. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-. Recommended: BISC 204. Students who have taken BISC 326 first may not then take this course for further credit.

A survey and comparison of the major plant groups including their origins, evolution, anatomy, life histories, and impacts on human society. Labs emphasize microscopy and observation of plant specimens. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-.

An evaluation of factors influencing the natural fluctuation and regulation of plant and animal population numbers. Prerequisite: BISC 102, (BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or REM 211), and MATH 154, all with a minimum grade of C-. Quantitative.

The scientific study of marine and freshwater ecosystems. Through lecture and field/lab components, the course will examine a combination of fundamental concepts of aquatic ecology as well as challenges posed to these ecosystems by environmental change. Students will gain hands-on experience with data collection, analysis, and communication. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

Fisheries from an ecological point of view, whereby the principles of population dynamics, behaviour, competition and predator-prey relationships are applied to conservation and management of the world's fisheries. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

Community ecologists study large-scale patterns in biodiversity and the processes that influence the structure and function of communities. This course introduces concepts and theories central to community ecology, with a focus on observations, hypotheses, experiments and quantitative models, and explores applications of community ecology to emerging problems in human-dominated ecosystems. Prerequisite: BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or (BISC 101, 102 and REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

An introduction to the basic concepts and principles governing the flow of groundwater in the subsurface environment. These are used to develop an understanding of aquifers and their physical properties, groundwater sustainability and management, and interaction of groundwater with surface water. In addition, as a foundation course in fluids in geologic media, this course has relevance to the oil and gas and mining industries, as well as to engineering applications such as dewatering. Prerequisite: EASC 101 and PHYS 102 or 121 or 126 or 141; and 12 additional units in earth sciences, physical geography or environmental science. All with a grade of C- or better. Quantitative.

An introduction to the study of ice in the modern environment from a geophysical perspective, with a focus on glaciers and ice sheets. Topics include the physical and chemical properties of ice, glacier mass and energy balance, glacier and ice-sheet hydraulics and dynamics, fast ice flow and the relationship between ice and climate. Prerequisite: 60 units, including MATH 152, PHYS 102 or 121 or 126 or 141, and any 100-level EASC course or permission of the instructor. Recommended: EASC 101. All with a grade of C- or better. Quantitative.

Emphasis is on the fundamentals of water-rock interactions and the chemistry of natural waters, developing an understanding of the physical and chemical principles that govern the geochemistry of water within Earth's crust. Topics will include water sample collection and analysis, chemical thermodynamics, gas-water-rock interactions and geochemical modeling. The applications range from weathering and recharge to acid rock drainage and diagenesis. Prerequisite: CHEM 122 and 126. Corequisite or Prerequisite: EASC 304. All with a grade of C- or better. Students with credit for EASC 315W may not take this course for further credit.

Applies and integrates concepts from hydrological science to assess the various impacts to water cycles over a range of scales, considering both climate and other environmental stressors. Secondary impacts of climate change on water resources (including water for humans and aquatic ecosystems) are explored, focusing on current issues to generate ideas for potential mitigative and adaptive solutions. Prerequisite: EASC 304 or GEOG 311, with a grade of C- or better.

Watersheds are fundamental organizational units on the landscape for physical processes, biological communities, and management. They also deliver many services that humans rely on. This course is intended to introduce students to landscape-scale thinking and spatial ecology, and teaches physical and biological approaches in watershed science. Prerequisite: BISC 204, REM 211, or GEOG 215. Students who have taken EVSC 395 under the title "Watershed Ecology" in Spring 2021 may not take this course for further credit.

Explores the physical mechanisms and consequences of coastal change. Coastal processes over long-term (geologic) and short-term (historical) timescales will be explored through a multidisciplinary approach that includes principles of geology, oceanography, risk assessment, and policy and planning, with a particular focus on the first two. Prerequisite: EASC 101 or GEOG 111; and at least one of GEOG 213, GEOG 214, EASC 209W, or EVSC 201W; or permission of the instructor. Students who have taken EVSC 300 in Fall 2025 and Spring 2026 may not take this course for further credit.

Paleoclimatology is the study of how and why Earth's climate has changed in the past. Paleoclimalologists study ice ages, past abrupt changes, and what the Earth was like during past climate warm periods. The knowledge gained from paleoclimate studies provides us with the information needed to refine climate models, so that we understand how the Earth's climate works, and better predict how human activity will impact climate in the future. Describes the tools used by paleoclimatologists to reconstruct past climate change and evaluate the hypothesis put forth to explain those changes. Prerequisite: REM 100 or EVSC 100; GEOG 111 or EASC 101 or EASC 106; and 45 units. Recommended: EASC 210, GEOG 214 or GEOG 215. Students with credit for REM 334 may not take this course for further credit. Students who have taken REM 463-3 "Special Topics" in Spring 2019 may not enroll in this course for further credit.

Paleoclimatology is the study of how and why Earth's climate has changed in the past. Paleoclimatologists study ice ages, past abrupt changes, and what the Earth was like during past climate warm periods. The knowledge gained from paleoclimate studies provides us with the information needed to refine climate models, so that we understand how the Earth's climate works, and better predict how human activity will impact climate in the future. Describes the tools used by paleoclimatologists to reconstruct past climate change and evaluate the hypothesis put forth to explain those changes. Prerequisite: REM 100 or EVSC 100; GEOG 111 or EASC 101 or EASC 106; and 45 units. Recommended: EASC 210, GEOG 214 or GEOG 215. Students with credit for EVSC 334 may not take this course for further credit. Students who have taken REM 463-3 "Special Topics" in Spring 2019 may not enroll in this course for further credit.

Inspects the record of human impact on the environment by diving into the subatomic world of isotopes. Students will study modern local/global case studies from mapping Pacific food webs to the Fukushima nuclear disaster. Students will develop a diverse 鈥渋sotope toolbox鈥� for understanding different environmental issues and controversies. Prerequisite: One of EVSC 100 or GEOG 111 or EASC 101 or REM 100; and one of Chemistry 12 (or equivalent) or CHEM 120 or CHEM 121. Students with credit for EVSC 395 under the title "Environmental Isotopes" in Spring 2026 may not take this course for further credit.

A specific topic within the field of Environment not examined in depth in regular courses. This course will provide students with understanding, perspective and experience in emerging and important areas of environment. Variable units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.

An overview of watersheds, hydrology and rivers providing common knowledge concerning fluvial systems. How basic science philosophy relates to river restoration. River restoration practice from technical analysis to monitoring and adaptation. Students will develop their own river restoration plan, focusing on use of simple computing and open source software. Prerequisite: One of EVSC 100, REM 100, EASC 101, or GEOG 111; and one of CHEM 122, PHYS 102, PHYS 121, or PHYS 141; and one of MATH 152, MATH 155, MATH 158, or REM 225; or permission of the instructor. Recommended: GEOG 313. Students who have taken EVSC 395 under the title "Introduction to River Restoration" in Spring 2024 may not take this course for further credit.

Introduces environmental scientists to application of modern data analysis methods. This course covers sampling, experimental design, and the analysis of quantitative data collected in the course of environmental monitoring, assessment and restoration programs. Students will be introduced and gain experience with the statistical programming language R. Prerequisite: GEOG 251, or one of STAT 100, 201, 203, 205 or 270 or permission of the instructor.

Ecogeomorphology is the interdisciplinary study of watersheds that integrates geomorphology, hydrology and ecology to facilitate new understandings of landscapes and ecosystems by bridging dominant paradigms from the individual disciplines. This course explores the bidirectional influences of biota and landscapes, including how physical habitat condition can influence the dynamics and resilience of biological populations. Prerequisite: EVSC 100, GEOG 111, or EASC 101; and BISC 204, REM 211, or GEOG 215; and a minimum of 60 units. GEOG 213 is recommended. Students who have taken EVSC 495 under the title "Ecogeomorphology" in Fall 2020 may not take this course for further credit.

A specific topic within the field of Environment not examined in depth in regular courses. This course will provide students with understanding, perspective and experience in emerging and important areas of environment. Variable units: 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.

Distribution, structure, function, and dynamics of the world's major biomes. Attention to comparative aspects among terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and to environmental problems associated with the biomes. Prerequisite: GEOG 215 or BISC 204.

Introduction to the cycling of essential chemical elements through ecosystems. Interactions among biological, hydrological, and geological controls on the structure and function of ecosystems and the spatial-temporal scales of elemental cycling are emphasized. Environmental problems resulting from disturbance to natural equilibria in the elemental cycles are examined. Prerequisite: GEOG 215 or BISC 204 or permission of the instructor. Quantitative.

An introduction to the study of soils: physical, chemical and biological properties of soils; soil formation, description, classification, survey and use. Field and laboratory techniques of soil analysis. Prerequisite: One of GEOG 213, 214, 215, or CHEM 121. Students with credit for GEOG 318 may not take this course for further credit.

An examination of recent advances in climate change science drawing upon observational and theoretical studies; application of climate models. Prerequisite: GEOG 314.

Advanced treatment of topics in soil science: soil physics, soil chemistry, soil biology, soil classification and/or forest soils. Prerequisite: GEOG 317. Students with credit for GEOG 417W may not take this course for further credit.

Interdisciplinary exploration of the interactions between plants and hydrologic processes, with an emphasis on primary literature. Topics covered include evapotranspiration, subsurface water storage in time and space, plant water relations, isotopes in water, biogeographical patterns, modeling, field methods, and the role of ecohydrology in Earth鈥檚 climate system. Mandatory field trip. Prerequisite: One of GEOG 311, GEOG 314, GEOG 316, GEOG 317, EASC 304, or EASC 405; one of GEOG 251, STAT 201, STAT 203 (formerly STAT 103), STAT 205, or STAT 270.

The physical principles and limitations of renewable energy source utilization and energy conversion. A quantitative introduction to energy conversion and storage systems, including solar power and heating; wind, tidal, geothermal, hydroelectric and nuclear power, hydrogen technology, electrical and mechanical energy storage. Prerequisite: CHEM 120 or 121; PHYS 102 or 121 or 126 or 141; MATH 152 or 155; all with a minimum grade of C-.

Builds on foundational ecological concepts to study the ecological processes that govern the dynamics of populations. Uses quantitative models to examine the role of data, variability, uncertainty, and assumptions in science and decision making. Students learn how to improve the sustainable use of natural capital by applying scientific data, ecological theory, ecological models, critical thinking, and Adaptive Management to societal decisions. Uses R to code, run, and interpret ecological population models. Prerequisite: REM 100 or EVSC 100; BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or REM 211; STAT 201 or STAT 203 or STAT 205 or GEOG 251 or equivalent. Recommended: REM 225. Quantitative.

Investigates the ecosystems and environmental challenges of coastal British Columbia. Examines the major flora and fauna, fundamental ecological principles, anthropogenic drivers of change, and the role of applied science in conservation and management. Prerequisite: 45 units. Students with credit for MASC 414 may not take this course for further credit.

Introduction to quantitative methods for providing scientific advice on the status, productivity and effects of fishing of fish stocks. Includes development and application fish population dynamics models, data analysis, and the quantification of uncertainty. Focus will be primarily on biological aspects of fisheries assessment while illustrating how these interface with economic, social and institutional concerns of management agencies. Prerequisite: REM 412 or all of: REM 211 or BISC 204 or GEOG 215; REM 225; STAT 201 or STAT 203 or STAT 205 or GEOG 251 or equivalent; and 60 units; or permission of instructor.

Reviews how climate change is impacting multiple facets of earth system (e.g. atmosphere, oceans, and terrestrial and freshwater systems). Students will examine the challenges faced by environmental managers as they attempt to mitigate or adapt to these changes. One major goal of the course is to teach an appreciation of uncertainties and predictability in earth systems, to better address resource management issues on regional to global scales. Prerequisite: REM 100 or EVSC 100 or GEOG 111; EVSC 201W or REM 221; 60 units; or permission from instructor.

Students receive theory and practical experience in the control and management of hazardous substances in the environment. This includes the application of techniques used to assess toxicological, ecological and human health risks of contaminants within the current regulatory framework. Prerequisite: MATH 151 or 154 or 157; STAT 201 or 203 or 205 or GEOG 251 or equivalent; and 60 units. Recommended: REM 225.

Forests are critical components of the earth system and provide diverse ecological, economic, social, and cultural services. They are also a source of conflict regarding their conservation and use. Students will begin by examining the ecological characteristics of forest ecosystems and disturbances pertinent to North America. This knowledge will then be applied to evaluate tools of forest management for a variety of goals and objectives. The final section of the course will examine challenges and opportunities in the management of British Columbia鈥檚 forested ecosystems, including Indigenous Protected Conservation Areas, carbon accounting, and wildfire management. This course will involve lectures, group work, assignments, and possible field trips. Prerequisite: One of REM 100, or GEOG 100 or 111, or EVSC 100 or BISC 102; and 45 units.

Introduction to the molecular, cellular and physiological mechanisms of living organisms (microorganisms, plants, animals). Lecture and lab topics include cell structure and function, flow of genetic information, enzyme function, metabolism, whole organism form and function (circulation, gas exchange, nutrition, osmoregulation). BISC 101 and 102 can be taken in either order. Prerequisite: Biology 12 (or equivalent) with a minimum grade of C (or BISC 100 with a minimum grade of C-, or BISC 113 with a minimum grade of C+, or BPK 105 with a minimum grade of C+, or HSCI 100 with a minimum grade of C+); and Chemistry 12 (or equivalent) with a minimum grade of C (or CHEM 111 with a minimum grade of C-; or CHEM 110 and 115, both with a minimum grade of C-). Breadth-Science.

Introduces the different approaches used to study the natural world and explores ecological concepts and theory relating to animal behaviour, population dynamics, the distribution of species, structure of communities and the function of ecosystems. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-.

An integrated exploration of animal and plant physiology, using principles from biology, physics, and chemistry to describe the underlying mechanisms and adaptations that support life. Systems include transport, metabolism, electrical and chemical signalling, sensing and responding. Prerequisite: BISC 101, BISC 102, and PHYS 101, all with a minimum grade of C-. Students who have taken BISC 305 or BISC 366 first may not then take this course for further credit.

Equips students with an understanding of the structure, stereochemistry, and reactivity of carbon-based (organic) molecules. Emphasis is placed on structure-reactivity relationships, reaction mechanisms, and spectroscopic methods used to understand and analyze organic compounds. The laboratory component focuses on purification and analytical methods for organic compounds. Prerequisite: CHEM 121 with a minimum grade of C-. Corequisite: CHEM 122 or CHEM 180. Students with credit for CHEM 280 or CHEM 285 may not take this course for further credit.

An introduction to landforms, climates, soils and vegetation; their origins, distributions, interrelationships and roles in the ecosystem. Laboratory work and field trips are included. Breadth-Science.

An introduction to cellular processes with an emphasis on protein structure and function. Topics that will be explored include transcription, translation and protein synthesis, basic metabolic pathways, biomembranes, organelles, vesicle transport, the cytoskeleton and cell signaling. Prerequisite: BISC 101; CHEM 281 as prerequisite or corequisite.

Dynamic Earth offers an introduction to minerals, rocks, geologic resources and processes. Plate tectonics is the unifying theory of geology and is the focus as we learn how the Earth changes over geologic time and results in the formation of volcanoes and mountain belts, faults, folds and earthquakes. Breadth-Science.

Introduction to fundamental concepts about the functioning of the coastal ocean. An interdisciplinary approach to understanding coastal marine science including an introduction to the geology, physics, and chemistry of BC's coastal marine waters. Fosters an appreciation for the diversity and importance of life along the coastal margins of British Columbia. Prerequisite: 15 units or permission of the instructor. Students who have taken EVSC 395 under the title "Coastal Marine Science" in Spring 2024, Fall 2024, or Fall 2025 may not take this course for further credit.

The Earth is experiencing the most dramatic environmental changes it has for thousands of years. How did we end up here? Provides an interdisciplinary perspective on the forces behind our ever-increasing environmental footprint. Highlights how ideologies and societal structures have shaped how we interact with the environment and explores the necessary changes for a more sustainable future. Breadth-Social Sciences.

An introduction to the theories and practices of remote sensing, including sensors and platforms, image collection, preliminary image analysis and interpretation, and a review of remote sensing applications in environmental monitoring and resource management. Quantitative.

A basic overview of Geographical Information Systems and Science; GIS software, hardware, data structures and models; spatial data, operations and algorithms; practical applications and limitations. Students with credit for GEOG 354 may not take this course for further credit. Quantitative.

Watersheds are fundamental organizational units on the landscape for physical processes, biological communities, and management. They also deliver many services that humans rely on. This course is intended to introduce students to landscape-scale thinking and spatial ecology, and teaches physical and biological approaches in watershed science. Prerequisite: BISC 204, REM 211, or GEOG 215. Students who have taken EVSC 395 under the title "Watershed Ecology" in Spring 2021 may not take this course for further credit.

Introduces environmental scientists to application of modern data analysis methods. This course covers sampling, experimental design, and the analysis of quantitative data collected in the course of environmental monitoring, assessment and restoration programs. Students will be introduced and gain experience with the statistical programming language R. Prerequisite: GEOG 251, or one of STAT 100, 201, 203, 205 or 270 or permission of the instructor.

Students receive hands-on experience in the construction and analysis of computer simulation models of environmental and ecological systems and problems. Prerequisite: REM 100 or EVSC 100; BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or REM 211; STAT 201 or STAT 203 or STAT 205 or GEOG 251 or equivalent; and 60 units. Recommended: REM 225.

The standard techniques of multiple regression analysis, analysis of variance, and analysis of covariance, and their role in observational and experimental studies. This course may not be used to satisfy the upper division requirements of the following programs: statistics major, statistics honours, actuarial science major, and actuarial science honours. Prerequisite: One of STAT 201, STAT 203, STAT 205, STAT 270, STAT 271, BUS 232, or ECON 233, with a minimum grade of C-. Students who have taken STAT 350 first may not then take the course for further credit. Quantitative.

An introduction to the field of environmental ethics. Addresses questions such as what obligations we have to future generations and the natural world, as well as the extent of these obligations. Prerequisite: 45 units. Philosophy Majors and Minors may not take this course for credit towards their major or minor degree. Students who have taken PHIL 333-3 or ENV 399-3 "Special Topics in Environmental Ethics" prior to or in 2011 and students with credit in ENV 320W or PHIL 328-3 may not enroll in this course for further credit. Writing.

Provides an overview of policy and governance approaches used to manage the natural environment from international to local levels. The history, basic concepts, and key strategies of modern environmental policy are presented and discussed. Students then analyze and critique environmental policy across scales regarding climate, forests, oceans, and urban landscapes focusing on determining the effectiveness and efficiency of different approaches to regulate and manage the environment. Prerequisite: One of REM 100, GEOG 100, GEOG 111, or EVSC 100; and 45 units. Students with credit for REM 356 may not take this course for further credit. Writing.

An evaluation of factors influencing the natural fluctuation and regulation of plant and animal population numbers. Prerequisite: BISC 102, (BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or REM 211), and MATH 154, all with a minimum grade of C-. Quantitative.

The scientific study of marine and freshwater ecosystems. Through lecture and field/lab components, the course will examine a combination of fundamental concepts of aquatic ecology as well as challenges posed to these ecosystems by environmental change. Students will gain hands-on experience with data collection, analysis, and communication. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

Community ecologists study large-scale patterns in biodiversity and the processes that influence the structure and function of communities. This course introduces concepts and theories central to community ecology, with a focus on observations, hypotheses, experiments and quantitative models, and explores applications of community ecology to emerging problems in human-dominated ecosystems. Prerequisite: BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or (BISC 101, 102 and REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

Distribution, structure, function, and dynamics of the world's major biomes. Attention to comparative aspects among terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and to environmental problems associated with the biomes. Prerequisite: GEOG 215 or BISC 204.

An examination of the primary threats to biodiversity, how biological processes contribute to the persistence of populations and structure of communities, and species and landscape approaches to conservation in the real world. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

Fisheries from an ecological point of view, whereby the principles of population dynamics, behaviour, competition and predator-prey relationships are applied to conservation and management of the world's fisheries. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

Builds on foundational ecological concepts to study the ecological processes that govern the dynamics of populations. Uses quantitative models to examine the role of data, variability, uncertainty, and assumptions in science and decision making. Students learn how to improve the sustainable use of natural capital by applying scientific data, ecological theory, ecological models, critical thinking, and Adaptive Management to societal decisions. Uses R to code, run, and interpret ecological population models. Prerequisite: REM 100 or EVSC 100; BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or REM 211; STAT 201 or STAT 203 or STAT 205 or GEOG 251 or equivalent. Recommended: REM 225. Quantitative.

Investigates the ecosystems and environmental challenges of coastal British Columbia. Examines the major flora and fauna, fundamental ecological principles, anthropogenic drivers of change, and the role of applied science in conservation and management. Prerequisite: 45 units. Students with credit for MASC 414 may not take this course for further credit.

Introduction to quantitative methods for providing scientific advice on the status, productivity and effects of fishing of fish stocks. Includes development and application fish population dynamics models, data analysis, and the quantification of uncertainty. Focus will be primarily on biological aspects of fisheries assessment while illustrating how these interface with economic, social and institutional concerns of management agencies. Prerequisite: REM 412 or all of: REM 211 or BISC 204 or GEOG 215; REM 225; STAT 201 or STAT 203 or STAT 205 or GEOG 251 or equivalent; and 60 units; or permission of instructor.

Forests are critical components of the earth system and provide diverse ecological, economic, social, and cultural services. They are also a source of conflict regarding their conservation and use. Students will begin by examining the ecological characteristics of forest ecosystems and disturbances pertinent to North America. This knowledge will then be applied to evaluate tools of forest management for a variety of goals and objectives. The final section of the course will examine challenges and opportunities in the management of British Columbia鈥檚 forested ecosystems, including Indigenous Protected Conservation Areas, carbon accounting, and wildfire management. This course will involve lectures, group work, assignments, and possible field trips. Prerequisite: One of REM 100, or GEOG 100 or 111, or EVSC 100 or BISC 102; and 45 units.

An introduction to invertebrate phyla, with a focus on marine taxa. Labs include examination of live animals, dissections, and preserved specimens. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

An overview of the evolution and diversity of vertebrates, with an emphasis on the evolutionary innovations and characteristics that led to this diversity. Labs explore comparative anatomy through dissections, bones, and other specimens. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-.

An introduction to insect classification, body plan, post-embryonic development, and systems: circulatory, ventilatory, digestive, and sensory. Labs focus on comparative morphology, collection, identification, and preservation of specimens. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-.

Lectures and labs provide a survey of the major groups of algae, including cyanobacteria and other microscopic algae, seaweeds and freshwater algae. Addresses aspects of evolution, taxonomy, ecology, anatomy, life history, and the importance of algae in our lives. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-. Students who have taken BISC 326 first may not then take this course for further credit.

Lectures and labs provide an overview of the fungi including their identification and ecological roles, with emphasis on molds and mushrooms. Topics include: identification using morphological and molecular techniques, roles in natural and agricultural ecosystems, and the uses and detrimental effects of fungi in food production and medicine. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-. Recommended: BISC 204. Students who have taken BISC 326 first may not then take this course for further credit.

A survey and comparison of the major plant groups including their origins, evolution, anatomy, life histories, and impacts on human society. Labs emphasize microscopy and observation of plant specimens. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-.

An introduction to invertebrate phyla, with a focus on marine taxa. Labs include examination of live animals, dissections, and preserved specimens. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

An examination of the primary threats to biodiversity, how biological processes contribute to the persistence of populations and structure of communities, and species and landscape approaches to conservation in the real world. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

An overview of the evolution and diversity of vertebrates, with an emphasis on the evolutionary innovations and characteristics that led to this diversity. Labs explore comparative anatomy through dissections, bones, and other specimens. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-.

An introduction to insect classification, body plan, post-embryonic development, and systems: circulatory, ventilatory, digestive, and sensory. Labs focus on comparative morphology, collection, identification, and preservation of specimens. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-.

Lectures and labs provide a survey of the major groups of algae, including cyanobacteria and other microscopic algae, seaweeds and freshwater algae. Addresses aspects of evolution, taxonomy, ecology, anatomy, life history, and the importance of algae in our lives. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-. Students who have taken BISC 326 first may not then take this course for further credit.

Lectures and labs provide an overview of the fungi including their identification and ecological roles, with emphasis on molds and mushrooms. Topics include: identification using morphological and molecular techniques, roles in natural and agricultural ecosystems, and the uses and detrimental effects of fungi in food production and medicine. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-. Recommended: BISC 204. Students who have taken BISC 326 first may not then take this course for further credit.

A survey and comparison of the major plant groups including their origins, evolution, anatomy, life histories, and impacts on human society. Labs emphasize microscopy and observation of plant specimens. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-.

An introduction to the marine environment, marine organisms and the ecological and oceanographic processes affecting them. Prerequisite: BISC 306 or BISC 316 with a grade of C- or better.

An evaluation of factors influencing the natural fluctuation and regulation of plant and animal population numbers. Prerequisite: BISC 102, (BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or REM 211), and MATH 154, all with a minimum grade of C-. Quantitative.

The scientific study of marine and freshwater ecosystems. Through lecture and field/lab components, the course will examine a combination of fundamental concepts of aquatic ecology as well as challenges posed to these ecosystems by environmental change. Students will gain hands-on experience with data collection, analysis, and communication. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

Fisheries from an ecological point of view, whereby the principles of population dynamics, behaviour, competition and predator-prey relationships are applied to conservation and management of the world's fisheries. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

Community ecologists study large-scale patterns in biodiversity and the processes that influence the structure and function of communities. This course introduces concepts and theories central to community ecology, with a focus on observations, hypotheses, experiments and quantitative models, and explores applications of community ecology to emerging problems in human-dominated ecosystems. Prerequisite: BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or (BISC 101, 102 and REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

Distribution, structure, function, and dynamics of the world's major biomes. Attention to comparative aspects among terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and to environmental problems associated with the biomes. Prerequisite: GEOG 215 or BISC 204.

Builds on foundational ecological concepts to study the ecological processes that govern the dynamics of populations. Uses quantitative models to examine the role of data, variability, uncertainty, and assumptions in science and decision making. Students learn how to improve the sustainable use of natural capital by applying scientific data, ecological theory, ecological models, critical thinking, and Adaptive Management to societal decisions. Uses R to code, run, and interpret ecological population models. Prerequisite: REM 100 or EVSC 100; BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or REM 211; STAT 201 or STAT 203 or STAT 205 or GEOG 251 or equivalent. Recommended: REM 225. Quantitative.

Investigates the ecosystems and environmental challenges of coastal British Columbia. Examines the major flora and fauna, fundamental ecological principles, anthropogenic drivers of change, and the role of applied science in conservation and management. Prerequisite: 45 units. Students with credit for MASC 414 may not take this course for further credit.

Introduction to quantitative methods for providing scientific advice on the status, productivity and effects of fishing of fish stocks. Includes development and application fish population dynamics models, data analysis, and the quantification of uncertainty. Focus will be primarily on biological aspects of fisheries assessment while illustrating how these interface with economic, social and institutional concerns of management agencies. Prerequisite: REM 412 or all of: REM 211 or BISC 204 or GEOG 215; REM 225; STAT 201 or STAT 203 or STAT 205 or GEOG 251 or equivalent; and 60 units; or permission of instructor.

Forests are critical components of the earth system and provide diverse ecological, economic, social, and cultural services. They are also a source of conflict regarding their conservation and use. Students will begin by examining the ecological characteristics of forest ecosystems and disturbances pertinent to North America. This knowledge will then be applied to evaluate tools of forest management for a variety of goals and objectives. The final section of the course will examine challenges and opportunities in the management of British Columbia鈥檚 forested ecosystems, including Indigenous Protected Conservation Areas, carbon accounting, and wildfire management. This course will involve lectures, group work, assignments, and possible field trips. Prerequisite: One of REM 100, or GEOG 100 or 111, or EVSC 100 or BISC 102; and 45 units.

Explores the physical mechanisms and consequences of coastal change. Coastal processes over long-term (geologic) and short-term (historical) timescales will be explored through a multidisciplinary approach that includes principles of geology, oceanography, risk assessment, and policy and planning, with a particular focus on the first two. Prerequisite: EASC 101 or GEOG 111; and at least one of GEOG 213, GEOG 214, EASC 209W, or EVSC 201W; or permission of the instructor. Students who have taken EVSC 300 in Fall 2025 and Spring 2026 may not take this course for further credit.

Paleoclimatology is the study of how and why Earth's climate has changed in the past. Paleoclimalologists study ice ages, past abrupt changes, and what the Earth was like during past climate warm periods. The knowledge gained from paleoclimate studies provides us with the information needed to refine climate models, so that we understand how the Earth's climate works, and better predict how human activity will impact climate in the future. Describes the tools used by paleoclimatologists to reconstruct past climate change and evaluate the hypothesis put forth to explain those changes. Prerequisite: REM 100 or EVSC 100; GEOG 111 or EASC 101 or EASC 106; and 45 units. Recommended: EASC 210, GEOG 214 or GEOG 215. Students with credit for REM 334 may not take this course for further credit. Students who have taken REM 463-3 "Special Topics" in Spring 2019 may not enroll in this course for further credit.

Paleoclimatology is the study of how and why Earth's climate has changed in the past. Paleoclimatologists study ice ages, past abrupt changes, and what the Earth was like during past climate warm periods. The knowledge gained from paleoclimate studies provides us with the information needed to refine climate models, so that we understand how the Earth's climate works, and better predict how human activity will impact climate in the future. Describes the tools used by paleoclimatologists to reconstruct past climate change and evaluate the hypothesis put forth to explain those changes. Prerequisite: REM 100 or EVSC 100; GEOG 111 or EASC 101 or EASC 106; and 45 units. Recommended: EASC 210, GEOG 214 or GEOG 215. Students with credit for EVSC 334 may not take this course for further credit. Students who have taken REM 463-3 "Special Topics" in Spring 2019 may not enroll in this course for further credit.

Inspects the record of human impact on the environment by diving into the subatomic world of isotopes. Students will study modern local/global case studies from mapping Pacific food webs to the Fukushima nuclear disaster. Students will develop a diverse 鈥渋sotope toolbox鈥� for understanding different environmental issues and controversies. Prerequisite: One of EVSC 100 or GEOG 111 or EASC 101 or REM 100; and one of Chemistry 12 (or equivalent) or CHEM 120 or CHEM 121. Students with credit for EVSC 395 under the title "Environmental Isotopes" in Spring 2026 may not take this course for further credit.

An overview of watersheds, hydrology and rivers providing common knowledge concerning fluvial systems. How basic science philosophy relates to river restoration. River restoration practice from technical analysis to monitoring and adaptation. Students will develop their own river restoration plan, focusing on use of simple computing and open source software. Prerequisite: One of EVSC 100, REM 100, EASC 101, or GEOG 111; and one of CHEM 122, PHYS 102, PHYS 121, or PHYS 141; and one of MATH 152, MATH 155, MATH 158, or REM 225; or permission of the instructor. Recommended: GEOG 313. Students who have taken EVSC 395 under the title "Introduction to River Restoration" in Spring 2024 may not take this course for further credit.

Ecogeomorphology is the interdisciplinary study of watersheds that integrates geomorphology, hydrology and ecology to facilitate new understandings of landscapes and ecosystems by bridging dominant paradigms from the individual disciplines. This course explores the bidirectional influences of biota and landscapes, including how physical habitat condition can influence the dynamics and resilience of biological populations. Prerequisite: EVSC 100, GEOG 111, or EASC 101; and BISC 204, REM 211, or GEOG 215; and a minimum of 60 units. GEOG 213 is recommended. Students who have taken EVSC 495 under the title "Ecogeomorphology" in Fall 2020 may not take this course for further credit.

Introduction to the molecular, cellular and physiological mechanisms of living organisms (microorganisms, plants, animals). Lecture and lab topics include cell structure and function, flow of genetic information, enzyme function, metabolism, whole organism form and function (circulation, gas exchange, nutrition, osmoregulation). BISC 101 and 102 can be taken in either order. Prerequisite: Biology 12 (or equivalent) with a minimum grade of C (or BISC 100 with a minimum grade of C-, or BISC 113 with a minimum grade of C+, or BPK 105 with a minimum grade of C+, or HSCI 100 with a minimum grade of C+); and Chemistry 12 (or equivalent) with a minimum grade of C (or CHEM 111 with a minimum grade of C-; or CHEM 110 and 115, both with a minimum grade of C-). Breadth-Science.

Introduction to fundamental concepts about the functioning of the coastal ocean. An interdisciplinary approach to understanding coastal marine science including an introduction to the geology, physics, and chemistry of BC's coastal marine waters. Fosters an appreciation for the diversity and importance of life along the coastal margins of British Columbia. Prerequisite: 15 units or permission of the instructor. Students who have taken EVSC 395 under the title "Coastal Marine Science" in Spring 2024, Fall 2024, or Fall 2025 may not take this course for further credit.

Dynamic Earth offers an introduction to minerals, rocks, geologic resources and processes. Plate tectonics is the unifying theory of geology and is the focus as we learn how the Earth changes over geologic time and results in the formation of volcanoes and mountain belts, faults, folds and earthquakes. Breadth-Science.

An introduction to landforms, climates, soils and vegetation; their origins, distributions, interrelationships and roles in the ecosystem. Laboratory work and field trips are included. Breadth-Science.

Explore our relationship with our geological habitat, including environmental impacts of mineral extraction and logging; landslides, rockfalls and snow avalanches; wildfires affecting the urban-forest interface; natural and anthropogenic impacts to water quality; earthquakes and tsunamis; and cascading risk. The course includes two 1-day field trips that usually occur on Saturdays. Prerequisite: EASC 101 with a grade of C- or better. Writing.

An exploration of the processes that shape Earth's surface and the landforms that result. Prerequisite: GEOG 111 or EASC 101. Breadth-Science.

Introduces the different approaches used to study the natural world and explores ecological concepts and theory relating to animal behaviour, population dynamics, the distribution of species, structure of communities and the function of ecosystems. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-.

An introduction to the planetary biosphere, its living organisms, and their interactions with each other and the Earth system. Prerequisite: GEOG 111.

Balancing the needs of people and other components of nature is among the foremost challenges of our time. Understanding key processes that structure nature across space and through time can help inform this challenge. Introduces students to the foundational concepts of applied ecology motivated by real-world management and conservation problems. Breadth-Science.

Explores the physical mechanisms and consequences of coastal change. Coastal processes over long-term (geologic) and short-term (historical) timescales will be explored through a multidisciplinary approach that includes principles of geology, oceanography, risk assessment, and policy and planning, with a particular focus on the first two. Prerequisite: EASC 101 or GEOG 111; and at least one of GEOG 213, GEOG 214, EASC 209W, or EVSC 201W; or permission of the instructor. Students who have taken EVSC 300 in Fall 2025 and Spring 2026 may not take this course for further credit.

Inspects the record of human impact on the environment by diving into the subatomic world of isotopes. Students will study modern local/global case studies from mapping Pacific food webs to the Fukushima nuclear disaster. Students will develop a diverse 鈥渋sotope toolbox鈥� for understanding different environmental issues and controversies. Prerequisite: One of EVSC 100 or GEOG 111 or EASC 101 or REM 100; and one of Chemistry 12 (or equivalent) or CHEM 120 or CHEM 121. Students with credit for EVSC 395 under the title "Environmental Isotopes" in Spring 2026 may not take this course for further credit.

Provides a practical introduction to the legal system governing the use and protection of the environment and planning and land use law in Canada. A central theme is the difference between the law on paper and the law in practice. Prerequisite: 45 units. Students who have taken ENV 399-3 "Special Topics in Environmental Law" in 2012 may not take this course for further credit. Students with credit for ENV 319 or PLAN 319 may not take this course for further credit.

An introduction to the field of environmental ethics. Addresses questions such as what obligations we have to future generations and the natural world, as well as the extent of these obligations. Prerequisite: 45 units. Philosophy Majors and Minors may not take this course for credit towards their major or minor degree. Students who have taken PHIL 333-3 or ENV 399-3 "Special Topics in Environmental Ethics" prior to or in 2011 and students with credit in ENV 320W or PHIL 328-3 may not enroll in this course for further credit. Writing.

Introduces students to the concepts and methods of ecological economics. Provides students with grounding in the core principles of conventional economics applied to the environment but then extends this to the integration of economics and ecology to create a new ecological-economic understanding of environmental change and sustainability. Prerequisite: 45 units. Students with credit for ENV 321 cannot take REM 321 for further credit. Breadth-Social Sciences.

Provides an overview of policy and governance approaches used to manage the natural environment from international to local levels. The history, basic concepts, and key strategies of modern environmental policy are presented and discussed. Students then analyze and critique environmental policy across scales regarding climate, forests, oceans, and urban landscapes focusing on determining the effectiveness and efficiency of different approaches to regulate and manage the environment. Prerequisite: One of REM 100, GEOG 100, GEOG 111, or EVSC 100; and 45 units. Students with credit for REM 356 may not take this course for further credit. Writing.

Explores diverse Indigenous perspectives on governance, resource, land and water management, intergovernmental relations and economic development in the context of contemporary settler colonialism in Canada. Skills include critical thinking, anti-colonial, economic, political and policy analyses. Prerequisite: One of REM 207, ARCH 286, or any INDG course; and 75 units. Students with credit for PLAN 407 may not take this course for further credit.

An introduction to invertebrate phyla, with a focus on marine taxa. Labs include examination of live animals, dissections, and preserved specimens. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

Lectures and labs provide a survey of the major groups of algae, including cyanobacteria and other microscopic algae, seaweeds and freshwater algae. Addresses aspects of evolution, taxonomy, ecology, anatomy, life history, and the importance of algae in our lives. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-. Students who have taken BISC 326 first may not then take this course for further credit.

An introduction to the marine environment, marine organisms and the ecological and oceanographic processes affecting them. Prerequisite: BISC 306 or BISC 316 with a grade of C- or better.

The scientific study of marine and freshwater ecosystems. Through lecture and field/lab components, the course will examine a combination of fundamental concepts of aquatic ecology as well as challenges posed to these ecosystems by environmental change. Students will gain hands-on experience with data collection, analysis, and communication. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

Fisheries from an ecological point of view, whereby the principles of population dynamics, behaviour, competition and predator-prey relationships are applied to conservation and management of the world's fisheries. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

Investigates the ecosystems and environmental challenges of coastal British Columbia. Examines the major flora and fauna, fundamental ecological principles, anthropogenic drivers of change, and the role of applied science in conservation and management. Prerequisite: 45 units. Students with credit for MASC 414 may not take this course for further credit.

Introduce students to historical ecology from a coastal archaeological perspective. Examine archaeological and ecological data from coastal archaeological sites. Conduct analyses on archaeological samples. Students will attend field trips, lectures, labs, and marine station seminars introducing them to Indigenous history and the analytical potential of ecological data. Students will undertake laboratory and background research. Students may repeat this course for further credit. Prerequisite: ARCH 282 or 372.

Students are introduced to the major environmental toxicants, their sources, and interactions with terrestrial and aquatic environments. Through historical and current case studies of environmental toxicants, this course will provide an understanding of the basic principles of environmental toxicology particularly as they apply to populations, communities and ecosystems. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

An examination of the primary threats to biodiversity, how biological processes contribute to the persistence of populations and structure of communities, and species and landscape approaches to conservation in the real world. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

An introduction to the environmental and biological fate of chemicals, their mechanisms of action, testing, evaluation, and risk assessment. Students are introduced to different classes of environmental contaminants, and examine how they affect various organisms (including humans) at the molecular, biochemical, organ system, and behavioural levels of biological organization. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and (BISC 204 or BISC 205 or GEOG 215 or MBB 231 or REM 211), both with a minimum grade of C-.

An introduction to the marine environment, marine organisms and the ecological and oceanographic processes affecting them. Prerequisite: BISC 306 or BISC 316 with a grade of C- or better.

Fisheries from an ecological point of view, whereby the principles of population dynamics, behaviour, competition and predator-prey relationships are applied to conservation and management of the world's fisheries. Prerequisite: BISC 101, 102, and (BISC 204 or REM 211), all with a minimum grade of C-.

Quantitative and qualitative treatment of species and chemical processes in aqueous environments. Water purification, wastewater treatments, transportation of species, and climate change. Current topics in aqueous chemistry selected from the literature are used to illustrate core aqueous chemistry knowledge relevant to the topic, and relationships to other issues in society. Prerequisite: CHEM 121 with a minimum grade of C- and completion of 45 units. (CHEM 122 or CHEM 180) and CHEM 281 recommended.

Watersheds are fundamental organizational units on the landscape for physical processes, biological communities, and management. They also deliver many services that humans rely on. This course is intended to introduce students to landscape-scale thinking and spatial ecology, and teaches physical and biological approaches in watershed science. Prerequisite: BISC 204, REM 211, or GEOG 215. Students who have taken EVSC 395 under the title "Watershed Ecology" in Spring 2021 may not take this course for further credit.

Paleoclimatology is the study of how and why Earth's climate has changed in the past. Paleoclimalologists study ice ages, past abrupt changes, and what the Earth was like during past climate warm periods. The knowledge gained from paleoclimate studies provides us with the information needed to refine climate models, so that we understand how the Earth's climate works, and better predict how human activity will impact climate in the future. Describes the tools used by paleoclimatologists to reconstruct past climate change and evaluate the hypothesis put forth to explain those changes. Prerequisite: REM 100 or EVSC 100; GEOG 111 or EASC 101 or EASC 106; and 45 units. Recommended: EASC 210, GEOG 214 or GEOG 215. Students with credit for REM 334 may not take this course for further credit. Students who have taken REM 463-3 "Special Topics" in Spring 2019 may not enroll in this course for further credit.

Paleoclimatology is the study of how and why Earth's climate has changed in the past. Paleoclimatologists study ice ages, past abrupt changes, and what the Earth was like during past climate warm periods. The knowledge gained from paleoclimate studies provides us with the information needed to refine climate models, so that we understand how the Earth's climate works, and better predict how human activity will impact climate in the future. Describes the tools used by paleoclimatologists to reconstruct past climate change and evaluate the hypothesis put forth to explain those changes. Prerequisite: REM 100 or EVSC 100; GEOG 111 or EASC 101 or EASC 106; and 45 units. Recommended: EASC 210, GEOG 214 or GEOG 215. Students with credit for EVSC 334 may not take this course for further credit. Students who have taken REM 463-3 "Special Topics" in Spring 2019 may not enroll in this course for further credit.

A specific topic within the field of Environment not examined in depth in regular courses. This course will provide students with understanding, perspective and experience in emerging and important areas of environment. Variable units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.

An overview of watersheds, hydrology and rivers providing common knowledge concerning fluvial systems. How basic science philosophy relates to river restoration. River restoration practice from technical analysis to monitoring and adaptation. Students will develop their own river restoration plan, focusing on use of simple computing and open source software. Prerequisite: One of EVSC 100, REM 100, EASC 101, or GEOG 111; and one of CHEM 122, PHYS 102, PHYS 121, or PHYS 141; and one of MATH 152, MATH 155, MATH 158, or REM 225; or permission of the instructor. Recommended: GEOG 313. Students who have taken EVSC 395 under the title "Introduction to River Restoration" in Spring 2024 may not take this course for further credit.

Introduces environmental scientists to application of modern data analysis methods. This course covers sampling, experimental design, and the analysis of quantitative data collected in the course of environmental monitoring, assessment and restoration programs. Students will be introduced and gain experience with the statistical programming language R. Prerequisite: GEOG 251, or one of STAT 100, 201, 203, 205 or 270 or permission of the instructor.

Ecogeomorphology is the interdisciplinary study of watersheds that integrates geomorphology, hydrology and ecology to facilitate new understandings of landscapes and ecosystems by bridging dominant paradigms from the individual disciplines. This course explores the bidirectional influences of biota and landscapes, including how physical habitat condition can influence the dynamics and resilience of biological populations. Prerequisite: EVSC 100, GEOG 111, or EASC 101; and BISC 204, REM 211, or GEOG 215; and a minimum of 60 units. GEOG 213 is recommended. Students who have taken EVSC 495 under the title "Ecogeomorphology" in Fall 2020 may not take this course for further credit.

A specific topic within the field of Environment not examined in depth in regular courses. This course will provide students with understanding, perspective and experience in emerging and important areas of environment. Variable units: 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.

Introduction to the cycling of essential chemical elements through ecosystems. Interactions among biological, hydrological, and geological controls on the structure and function of ecosystems and the spatial-temporal scales of elemental cycling are emphasized. Environmental problems resulting from disturbance to natural equilibria in the elemental cycles are examined. Prerequisite: GEOG 215 or BISC 204 or permission of the instructor. Quantitative.

An introduction to the study of soils: physical, chemical and biological properties of soils; soil formation, description, classification, survey and use. Field and laboratory techniques of soil analysis. Prerequisite: One of GEOG 213, 214, 215, or CHEM 121. Students with credit for GEOG 318 may not take this course for further credit.

Builds on foundational ecological concepts to study the ecological processes that govern the dynamics of populations. Uses quantitative models to examine the role of data, variability, uncertainty, and assumptions in science and decision making. Students learn how to improve the sustainable use of natural capital by applying scientific data, ecological theory, ecological models, critical thinking, and Adaptive Management to societal decisions. Uses R to code, run, and interpret ecological population models. Prerequisite: REM 100 or EVSC 100; BISC 204 or GEOG 215 or REM 211; STAT 201 or STAT 203 or STAT 205 or GEOG 251 or equivalent. Recommended: REM 225. Quantitative.

Investigates the ecosystems and environmental challenges of coastal British Columbia. Examines the major flora and fauna, fundamental ecological principles, anthropogenic drivers of change, and the role of applied science in conservation and management. Prerequisite: 45 units. Students with credit for MASC 414 may not take this course for further credit.

Introduction to quantitative methods for providing scientific advice on the status, productivity and effects of fishing of fish stocks. Includes development and application fish population dynamics models, data analysis, and the quantification of uncertainty. Focus will be primarily on biological aspects of fisheries assessment while illustrating how these interface with economic, social and institutional concerns of management agencies. Prerequisite: REM 412 or all of: REM 211 or BISC 204 or GEOG 215; REM 225; STAT 201 or STAT 203 or STAT 205 or GEOG 251 or equivalent; and 60 units; or permission of instructor.

Reviews how climate change is impacting multiple facets of earth system (e.g. atmosphere, oceans, and terrestrial and freshwater systems). Students will examine the challenges faced by environmental managers as they attempt to mitigate or adapt to these changes. One major goal of the course is to teach an appreciation of uncertainties and predictability in earth systems, to better address resource management issues on regional to global scales. Prerequisite: REM 100 or EVSC 100 or GEOG 111; EVSC 201W or REM 221; 60 units; or permission from instructor.

Students receive theory and practical experience in the control and management of hazardous substances in the environment. This includes the application of techniques used to assess toxicological, ecological and human health risks of contaminants within the current regulatory framework. Prerequisite: MATH 151 or 154 or 157; STAT 201 or 203 or 205 or GEOG 251 or equivalent; and 60 units. Recommended: REM 225.

Dynamic Earth offers an introduction to minerals, rocks, geologic resources and processes. Plate tectonics is the unifying theory of geology and is the focus as we learn how the Earth changes over geologic time and results in the formation of volcanoes and mountain belts, faults, folds and earthquakes. Breadth-Science.

An introduction to landforms, climates, soils and vegetation; their origins, distributions, interrelationships and roles in the ecosystem. Laboratory work and field trips are included. Breadth-Science.

An exploration of the processes that shape Earth's surface and the landforms that result. Prerequisite: GEOG 111 or EASC 101. Breadth-Science.

A general calculus-based introduction to electricity, magnetism and optics. Topics include electricity, magnetism, simple circuits, optics and topics from applied physics. Prerequisite: PHYS 120 or 125 or 140, with a minimum grade of C-, or PHYS 101 with a minimum grade of B. Corequisite: MATH 152 or 155. Recommended Corequisite: PHYS 133. Students with credit for PHYS 102, 126 or 141 may not take this course for further credit. Quantitative/Breadth-Science.

An introduction to the theories and practices of remote sensing, including sensors and platforms, image collection, preliminary image analysis and interpretation, and a review of remote sensing applications in environmental monitoring and resource management. Quantitative.

A basic overview of Geographical Information Systems and Science; GIS software, hardware, data structures and models; spatial data, operations and algorithms; practical applications and limitations. Students with credit for GEOG 354 may not take this course for further credit. Quantitative.

Introduces the different approaches used to study the natural world and explores ecological concepts and theory relating to animal behaviour, population dynamics, the distribution of species, structure of communities and the function of ecosystems. Prerequisite: BISC 101 and 102, both with a minimum grade of C-.

An introduction to the planetary biosphere, its living organisms, and their interactions with each other and the Earth system. Prerequisite: GEOG 111.

Balancing the needs of people and other components of nature is among the foremost challenges of our time. Understanding key processes that structure nature across space and through time can help inform this challenge. Introduces students to the foundational concepts of applied ecology motivated by real-world management and conservation problems. Breadth-Science.

Watersheds are fundamental organizational units on the landscape for physical processes, biological communities, and management. They also deliver many services that humans rely on. This course is intended to introduce students to landscape-scale thinking and spatial ecology, and teaches physical and biological approaches in watershed science. Prerequisite: BISC 204, REM 211, or GEOG 215. Students who have taken EVSC 395 under the title "Watershed Ecology" in Spring 2021 may not take this course for further credit.

Introduction to the hydrologic cycle, with an emphasis on the hydrology of British Columbia; description and analysis of the processes of water movement and storage measurements and analysis of hydrologic data. Prerequisite: GEOG 213 or 214; GEOG 251 or one of STAT 201, 203 (formerly 103), 205, or 270. Quantitative.

Intermediate analysis in fluvial and coastal geomorphology with particular reference to British Columbia. Prerequisite: GEOG 213, or both EASC 209W and EASC 304. Quantitative.

An introduction to the study of soils: physical, chemical and biological properties of soils; soil formation, description, classification, survey and use. Field and laboratory techniques of soil analysis. Prerequisite: One of GEOG 213, 214, 215, or CHEM 121. Students with credit for GEOG 318 may not take this course for further credit.

An overview of watersheds, hydrology and rivers providing common knowledge concerning fluvial systems. How basic science philosophy relates to river restoration. River restoration practice from technical analysis to monitoring and adaptation. Students will develop their own river restoration plan, focusing on use of simple computing and open source software. Prerequisite: One of EVSC 100, REM 100, EASC 101, or GEOG 111; and one of CHEM 122, PHYS 102, PHYS 121, or PHYS 141; and one of MATH 152, MATH 155, MATH 158, or REM 225; or permission of the instructor. Recommended: GEOG 313. Students who have taken EVSC 395 under the title "Introduction to River Restoration" in Spring 2024 may not take this course for further credit.

Ecogeomorphology is the interdisciplinary study of watersheds that integrates geomorphology, hydrology and ecology to facilitate new understandings of landscapes and ecosystems by bridging dominant paradigms from the individual disciplines. This course explores the bidirectional influences of biota and landscapes, including how physical habitat condition can influence the dynamics and resilience of biological populations. Prerequisite: EVSC 100, GEOG 111, or EASC 101; and BISC 204, REM 211, or GEOG 215; and a minimum of 60 units. GEOG 213 is recommended. Students who have taken EVSC 495 under the title "Ecogeomorphology" in Fall 2020 may not take this course for further credit.

Provides a practical introduction to the legal system governing the use and protection of the environment and planning and land use law in Canada. A central theme is the difference between the law on paper and the law in practice. Prerequisite: 45 units. Students who have taken ENV 399-3 "Special Topics in Environmental Law" in 2012 may not take this course for further credit. Students with credit for ENV 319 or PLAN 319 may not take this course for further credit.

An introduction to the field of environmental ethics. Addresses questions such as what obligations we have to future generations and the natural world, as well as the extent of these obligations. Prerequisite: 45 units. Philosophy Majors and Minors may not take this course for credit towards their major or minor degree. Students who have taken PHIL 333-3 or ENV 399-3 "Special Topics in Environmental Ethics" prior to or in 2011 and students with credit in ENV 320W or PHIL 328-3 may not enroll in this course for further credit. Writing.

Introduces students to the concepts and methods of ecological economics. Provides students with grounding in the core principles of conventional economics applied to the environment but then extends this to the integration of economics and ecology to create a new ecological-economic understanding of environmental change and sustainability. Prerequisite: 45 units. Students with credit for ENV 321 cannot take REM 321 for further credit. Breadth-Social Sciences.

Provides an overview of policy and governance approaches used to manage the natural environment from international to local levels. The history, basic concepts, and key strategies of modern environmental policy are presented and discussed. Students then analyze and critique environmental policy across scales regarding climate, forests, oceans, and urban landscapes focusing on determining the effectiveness and efficiency of different approaches to regulate and manage the environment. Prerequisite: One of REM 100, GEOG 100, GEOG 111, or EVSC 100; and 45 units. Students with credit for REM 356 may not take this course for further credit. Writing.

Explores diverse Indigenous perspectives on governance, resource, land and water management, intergovernmental relations and economic development in the context of contemporary settler colonialism in Canada. Skills include critical thinking, anti-colonial, economic, political and policy analyses. Prerequisite: One of REM 207, ARCH 286, or any INDG course; and 75 units. Students with credit for PLAN 407 may not take this course for further credit.

An introduction to the basic concepts and principles governing the flow of groundwater in the subsurface environment. These are used to develop an understanding of aquifers and their physical properties, groundwater sustainability and management, and interaction of groundwater with surface water. In addition, as a foundation course in fluids in geologic media, this course has relevance to the oil and gas and mining industries, as well as to engineering applications such as dewatering. Prerequisite: EASC 101 and PHYS 102 or 121 or 126 or 141; and 12 additional units in earth sciences, physical geography or environmental science. All with a grade of C- or better. Quantitative.

Applies and integrates concepts from hydrological science to assess the various impacts to water cycles over a range of scales, considering both climate and other environmental stressors. Secondary impacts of climate change on water resources (including water for humans and aquatic ecosystems) are explored, focusing on current issues to generate ideas for potential mitigative and adaptive solutions. Prerequisite: EASC 304 or GEOG 311, with a grade of C- or better.

Explores the physical mechanisms and consequences of coastal change. Coastal processes over long-term (geologic) and short-term (historical) timescales will be explored through a multidisciplinary approach that includes principles of geology, oceanography, risk assessment, and policy and planning, with a particular focus on the first two. Prerequisite: EASC 101 or GEOG 111; and at least one of GEOG 213, GEOG 214, EASC 209W, or EVSC 201W; or permission of the instructor. Students who have taken EVSC 300 in Fall 2025 and Spring 2026 may not take this course for further credit.

Paleoclimatology is the study of how and why Earth's climate has changed in the past. Paleoclimalologists study ice ages, past abrupt changes, and what the Earth was like during past climate warm periods. The knowledge gained from paleoclimate studies provides us with the information needed to refine climate models, so that we understand how the Earth's climate works, and better predict how human activity will impact climate in the future. Describes the tools used by paleoclimatologists to reconstruct past climate change and evaluate the hypothesis put forth to explain those changes. Prerequisite: REM 100 or EVSC 100; GEOG 111 or EASC 101 or EASC 106; and 45 units. Recommended: EASC 210, GEOG 214 or GEOG 215. Students with credit for REM 334 may not take this course for further credit. Students who have taken REM 463-3 "Special Topics" in Spring 2019 may not enroll in this course for further credit.

Paleoclimatology is the study of how and why Earth's climate has changed in the past. Paleoclimatologists study ice ages, past abrupt changes, and what the Earth was like during past climate warm periods. The knowledge gained from paleoclimate studies provides us with the information needed to refine climate models, so that we understand how the Earth's climate works, and better predict how human activity will impact climate in the future. Describes the tools used by paleoclimatologists to reconstruct past climate change and evaluate the hypothesis put forth to explain those changes. Prerequisite: REM 100 or EVSC 100; GEOG 111 or EASC 101 or EASC 106; and 45 units. Recommended: EASC 210, GEOG 214 or GEOG 215. Students with credit for EVSC 334 may not take this course for further credit. Students who have taken REM 463-3 "Special Topics" in Spring 2019 may not enroll in this course for further credit.

Inspects the record of human impact on the environment by diving into the subatomic world of isotopes. Students will study modern local/global case studies from mapping Pacific food webs to the Fukushima nuclear disaster. Students will develop a diverse 鈥渋sotope toolbox鈥� for understanding different environmental issues and controversies. Prerequisite: One of EVSC 100 or GEOG 111 or EASC 101 or REM 100; and one of Chemistry 12 (or equivalent) or CHEM 120 or CHEM 121. Students with credit for EVSC 395 under the title "Environmental Isotopes" in Spring 2026 may not take this course for further credit.

A specific topic within the field of Environment not examined in depth in regular courses. This course will provide students with understanding, perspective and experience in emerging and important areas of environment. Variable units: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.

An overview of watersheds, hydrology and rivers providing common knowledge concerning fluvial systems. How basic science philosophy relates to river restoration. River restoration practice from technical analysis to monitoring and adaptation. Students will develop their own river restoration plan, focusing on use of simple computing and open source software. Prerequisite: One of EVSC 100, REM 100, EASC 101, or GEOG 111; and one of CHEM 122, PHYS 102, PHYS 121, or PHYS 141; and one of MATH 152, MATH 155, MATH 158, or REM 225; or permission of the instructor. Recommended: GEOG 313. Students who have taken EVSC 395 under the title "Introduction to River Restoration" in Spring 2024 may not take this course for further credit.

Introduces environmental scientists to application of modern data analysis methods. This course covers sampling, experimental design, and the analysis of quantitative data collected in the course of environmental monitoring, assessment and restoration programs. Students will be introduced and gain experience with the statistical programming language R. Prerequisite: GEOG 251, or one of STAT 100, 201, 203, 205 or 270 or permission of the instructor.

Ecogeomorphology is the interdisciplinary study of watersheds that integrates geomorphology, hydrology and ecology to facilitate new understandings of landscapes and ecosystems by bridging dominant paradigms from the individual disciplines. This course explores the bidirectional influences of biota and landscapes, including how physical habitat condition can influence the dynamics and resilience of biological populations. Prerequisite: EVSC 100, GEOG 111, or EASC 101; and BISC 204, REM 211, or GEOG 215; and a minimum of 60 units. GEOG 213 is recommended. Students who have taken EVSC 495 under the title "Ecogeomorphology" in Fall 2020 may not take this course for further credit.

A specific topic within the field of Environment not examined in depth in regular courses. This course will provide students with understanding, perspective and experience in emerging and important areas of environment. Variable units: 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.

A survey of the climate system, with emphasis on the interactions among its components; radiation, energy and water balances; carbon cycle; climate sensitivity and feedbacks; natural and human-induced climate change. Prerequisite: GEOG 214. Quantitative.

Introduction to the cycling of essential chemical elements through ecosystems. Interactions among biological, hydrological, and geological controls on the structure and function of ecosystems and the spatial-temporal scales of elemental cycling are emphasized. Environmental problems resulting from disturbance to natural equilibria in the elemental cycles are examined. Prerequisite: GEOG 215 or BISC 204 or permission of the instructor. Quantitative.

An examination of recent advances in climate change science drawing upon observational and theoretical studies; application of climate models. Prerequisite: GEOG 314.

Interdisciplinary exploration of the interactions between plants and hydrologic processes, with an emphasis on primary literature. Topics covered include evapotranspiration, subsurface water storage in time and space, plant water relations, isotopes in water, biogeographical patterns, modeling, field methods, and the role of ecohydrology in Earth鈥檚 climate system. Mandatory field trip. Prerequisite: One of GEOG 311, GEOG 314, GEOG 316, GEOG 317, EASC 304, or EASC 405; one of GEOG 251, STAT 201, STAT 203 (formerly STAT 103), STAT 205, or STAT 270.

Students receive theory and practical experience in the control and management of hazardous substances in the environment. This includes the application of techniques used to assess toxicological, ecological and human health risks of contaminants within the current regulatory framework. Prerequisite: MATH 151 or 154 or 157; STAT 201 or 203 or 205 or GEOG 251 or equivalent; and 60 units. Recommended: REM 225.