XXXI. NAUCRATES 1. Cic. orat. 51, 172 (de rhythmo orationis agens): quodsi aures tam inhumanas tamque agrestes habent, ne doctissim慰rum quidem virorum eos movebit auctoritas? omitto Isocratem discipulosque eius Ephorum et Naucratem, quamquam orationis faciendae et ornandae auctores locupletissimi鈥 蟿峥段 蟽蠀渭尾喂蠅蟽维谓蟿蠅谓 峒赶兾课合佄勎滴 魏伪峤 蟿峤肝 蠂伪蟻伪魏蟿峥喯佄 蟿峥喯 峒懴佄嘉肺轿滴毕 峒愇何滴轿肯 峒愇何嘉刮嘉废兾蔽嘉较壩 N. est unus Dionysio de Isaeo p. 122, 12 Us.-R., 峒赶兾课合佄勎肯呄 峒懴勎贬繓蟻慰蟼 Pseudodionysio artis p. 278, 6, discipulus Ciceroni etiam de orat. 2, 23, 94, Dionysio de Isaeo c. 19, Erythraeus est sec. Stephanum Byz. s. v. 峒樝佅呂赶佄蔽, Sudam s. v. 螛蔚慰未苇魏蟿畏蟼 et s. v. 峒赶兾课合佄勎废, Photium Bibl. I p. 120 b Bkk., tamquam summus orator a Cicerone et Theopomp慰 apud Photium l. c. probatur. Ciceronem memorat Ruinus rhet. p. 581, 15 H. Credibile autem est Naucratis oratoris apud posteriores gloriam idcirco fuisse tantam, quia particeps fuisse ferebatur certaminis ab Artemisia regina instituti, de quo Gell. 10, 18, Sud. s. v. 螛蔚慰未苇魏蟿畏蟼 al.
2. Cic. de orat. 3, 44, 173: versus enim veteres illi in hac soluta oratione propemodum, hoc est numeros quosdam nobis esse adhibendos putaverunt. interspirationis enim, n慰n defetigationis nostrae neque librariorum notis, sed verborum et sententiarum modo interpunctas clausulas in orationibus esse voluerunt; idque princeps Isocrates instituisse fertur, ut inconditam antiquorum dicendi consuetudinem delectationis atque aurium causa, quemadmodum scribit discipulus eius Naucrates, numeris adstringeret. (174) namque haec duo musici, qui erant quondam idem poetae, machinati ad voluptatem sunt, versum atque cantum, ut et verborum numero et vocum modo delectatione vincerent aurium satietatem. haec igitur duo, vocis dico moderationem et verborum conclusionem, quoad orationis severitas pati posset, a poetica ad eloquentiam traducenda duxerunt.
3. Quint. inst. 3, 6, 3: statum Graeci 蟽蟿维蟽喂谓 vocant, quod nomen non primum ab Hermagora traditum putant, sed alii a Naucrate Isocratis discipulo, alii a Zopyro Clazomeni慰. ab Eucrate libri. Zopyrum Clazomenium, Timonis aequalem (Diog. Laert. IX 114), 蟿蔚蠂谓慰纬蟻维蠁慰谓 fuisse, ex Philod. I p. 187, 16 sq. vix apparet. Eius mansit memoria apud Syrianum (II p. 47, 18 and.) et in Prol. in Hermog. VII 6, Prol. Syll. p. 190, 4 R. (ubi 螤蠉蟻蟻慰蟼 峤 螝位伪味慰渭苇谓喂慰蟼). Pergit autem Quintilianus l. l.: 鈥榪uamquam videtur Aeschines quoque in oratione contra Ctesiphontem uti hoc verbo (搂 206), cum a iudicibus petit, ne Demostheni permittant evagari, sed eum dicere de ipso causae statu cogant.鈥 Inde emendaverunt, quod Aeschinis libris traditur 蟺蔚蟻峤 蟿峥喯 蟿维尉蔚蠅蟼 伪峤愊勧糠 蟿慰峥 位蠈纬慰蠀 渭维蠂蔚蟽胃蔚.
4. [Di慰nysii] artis rhet. VI, II p. 278, 5 Us.-R. auct慰r agens de oratione funebri militibus bello interfectis habita: 螞蠀蟽委伪蟼 蟿蔚 魏伪峤 峤櫹蔚蟻蔚委未畏蟼 魏伪峤 峤 螤伪喂伪谓喂蔚峤合 魏伪峤 峤 蟿慰峥 峒赶兾课合佄勎肯呄 峒懴勎贬繓蟻慰蟼 螡伪蠀魏蟻维蟿畏蟼 蟺慰位位峤跋 峒∥坚繓谓 蟿慰喂伪蠉蟿伪蟼 峒拔次毕 蟺伪蟻苇蟽蠂慰谓蟿慰. Quod orationem vel orationes 峒愊喂未蔚委尉蔚蠅蟼 蠂维蟻喂谓 a Naucrate scriptae intellegi coniciunt, rem peragunt valde incertam.
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XXXI. Naucrates 1. Cicero, Orator 51.172 (about rhythm in speeches): But if they have such uncultured and coarse ears, will not even the authority of the most learned people move them? I omit Isocrates and his students Ephorus and Naucrates, although they are the richest authors of writing and embellishing speeches. N. is one of 鈥榯hose who were contemporaries of Isocrates and thoroughly imitated the character of his delivery鈥 according to Dionysius On Isaeus p. 122, 12 Us.-R., 鈥榓 companion of Isocrates鈥 (Pseudo-Dionysios On Rhetoric p. 278, 6), 鈥榓 student鈥 (Cicero also in de orat. 2.23.94; Dionysius On Isaeus ch. 19). He was from Erythrai according to Stephanus of Byzantium s. v. 峒樝佅呂赶佄蔽, Suda s. v. 螛蔚慰未苇魏蟿畏蟼 and s. v. 峒赶兾课合佄勎废, Photius Bibl. I p. 120 b Bkk. He is regarded as a prominent orator by Cicero and Theopompus in Photius ibid. Cicero is referred to by Rufinus On Rhetoric p. 581, 15 H. It is credible, however, that Naucrates鈥 fame among later authors was so great because he was said to have participated in a contest instituted by Queen Artemisia, on which see Gellius 10.18; Suda s. v. 螛蔚慰未苇魏蟿畏蟼, and elsewhere.
2. Cicero, On the Orator 3.44.173-174: Those old authors thought that we should, in a sense, employ verses in this kind of prose speech, that is, some sort of metre. For they wanted sentences in speeches to be punctuated by pauses for us to catch breath, not to rest after excessive effort, and not by the signs of copyists but by those of the words and thoughts themselves. Isocrates is said to have been the first to institute this, in order to constrain the ancients鈥 way of speaking publicly with metre for the sake of pleasure and our ears, as writes his students Naucrates. Indeed, these two artists, who were at some point poets as well, came up with this doctrine for the sake of pleasure, verse and singing, so that they might by the metre of the words and the modulation of the voice overcome through delectation the satiation of the ears. Thus, they thought that these two things, the control of the voice and the metrical endings of the words, must be transferred from poetry to oratory to the extent that the seriousness of the speech allows it.
3. Quintilian 3.6.3: The point is called by the Greeks 蟽蟿峤毕兾瓜, a designation they think was not first handed down by Hermagoras but 鈥 according to some 鈥 by Naucrates, the student of Isocrates, or 鈥 according to others 鈥 by Zophyros of Clazomenai. That Zopyrus of Clazomenae, a contemporary of Timon (Diog. Laert. 9.114), was a 鈥榳riter of treatises鈥 is hardly to be inferred from Philod. I p. 187, 16 f. he is remembered in Syrianus (2 p. 47, 18 n.), in Prologue on Hermogenes 6.6 and Prol. Syll. p. 190, 4 R. (where he is called 鈥楶yrros of Clazomenai鈥). Quintilian continues ibid.: 鈥樷 although Aeschines too seems to use this word in the speech Against Ctesiphon (搂 206) when he asks the judges not to allow Demosthenes to go on tangents but to force him to speak about the subject matter of the trial itself.鈥 Hence the editors have changed the reading found in Aeschines鈥 manuscripts, which read taxis instead of stasis (鈥榝ight with him over the order of the speech鈥).
4. Pseudo-Dionysius, On Rhetoric: Lysias, Hyperides, Paeanieus and Isocrates鈥 friend Naucrates have provided us with many such examples [of funeral speeches]. Those who surmise that this passage refers to one or more speeches written by Naucrates as 鈥榝or the sake of demonstration鈥 are speculating wildly. |